About
Kusunda is a language isolate spoken in Nepal. Although there are a few speakers of the language, there is only one known fluent speaker: Kamala Khatri Sen. The language is known for its very strange characteristic: no words for “yes” or “no.” Instead, the language uses adjusted verbs that indicate a low probability or a high probability. There are also no words for describing direction, such as left or right. In addition, the language does not have a definite present or past tense, but defines the tense by how the sentence relates to the speaker. For example, past experiences are described as relative to the speaker while future tense will be more general and not related to any subject. The language is not related to any other known language, and linguists are unsure of how it originated. Some believe that it stems from an extinct aboriginal language that was spoken across the sub-himalayan region prior to the arrival of new tribes, but no such language has been identified. There have been efforts to revive the Kusunda, especially in the Dan district, where there are classes to learn the language. However, the language’s strange qualities make it one of the most difficult to learn. With one speaker left, it is likely that Kusunda will soon become extinct.
More/Stats
Also known as: Ban Raja, Kusundu, Mihaq, Gilaŋdei Mʲahəq, कुसुjडा
Language Family: Language Isolate
Written Alphabet: Devanagari
Category: Critically Endangered
Speakers: 1
Video Recordings
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कुशुण्डा भाषाको कविता || Kusunda Language Poem || वाचन हिमा कुशुण्डा || Dang Village
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The OFDN: Media and information literacy resources in Mihaq (Kusunda) language
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# Kusunda language. Extinct language is revitalizing by Uday Aaley. #